at Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University

Lecture Handout

General Biology 2018

     General Biology is an basic subject for life science, and is also a compulsory subject in Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources. In the class, five parts will be introduced for the fresh men in the department, including the Chemistry in Biology, Cell and Genetic inheritance, Phytology, Zoology, and Evolution.

TextBook: Campbell Biology, A Global Approach 11e (2016), Pearson Publisher

Introduction to Traditional Medicine from the Sea (2011)

      Marine drugs is one important part of natural medicinal products. Abundant diversity of marine organisms is the treasure resources of novel natural products. In the class, I will introduce the basic knowledge on the principles of traditional Chinese medicine, further development and combination with modern medicine.

      TextBook: 中藥學概論, 張永勳、何玉玲、黃世勳, 文興出版 (2008); 功能海洋生物分子, 譚仁祥等編著, 科學出版社 (2006).

      Handout:

Note for Seminar in DMBR/NSYSU

    How to make a presentation

Natural Products Chemistry

      In contrary to primary metabolites, secondary metabolites, also named as natural products, are those chemical compounds of metabolism that are not essential for normal growth, development or reproduction of an organism. These secondary metabolites exactly play an important role in life. The function or importance of these metabolites to the organism's development in ecological nature is well-established to be defense against predators, for interspecies competition, and to facilitate the reproductive processes. Secondary metabolites also present multifunctions in the bodies of life organism, such as the signal transmitter. The absence, deficiency or excessive amount of these secondary metabolites would make our organs dysfunctions. For example, Alzheimer disease is relative to the absence of dopamine.

      Plant secondary metabolites are of tremendous importance, both for the plant itself (for plant-environment interactions) and for humans due to their biological activities that can have therapeutic value. As we know, plants have a long history of use in the treatment of human disease. One of the famous examples is traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the quintessence of herb material medics that Chinese people have been used for centuries. Now, the botanical extracts of TCM have been regarded as a source of new and useful pharmaceutical. Many bioactive components have been identified from these herb materials under the effort of natural product chemists. They are also regarded as a target for synthetic organic chemists that can produce these molecules in vitro on larger scales.

     The class should be taken by the students who has learned gerenal chemistry, organic chemistry, and biochemistry. In the class, I will introduce the chemical and pharmaceutical properties of the bioactive components from natural sources. Based on the learning, students will understand what natural products chemistry is, and how to apply bioactive natural products in pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries.

      Books：Medicinal Natural Products A Biosynthetic Approach 3rd Edition, by Paul M Dewick, John Wiley & Sons Ltd (2009).

      Handout for undergraduate students：

          Appendix of the Lecture

    Vitamins: P, E, K, A, D, Bs, and C

    Antibiotics: macrolides, tetracyclins, anthracyclines, Chloramphenicol....

     Books：Natural product Chemistry 2nd Version by Kurt B. G. Torssell
Apotekarsocieteten-Swedish Pharmaceutical Society, Swedish Pharmaceutical Press (1997).

      Handout for graduate students：

Pharmacognosy

     Pharmacognosy is derived from Greek prefix “Pharmakon” and “gnosis”, which means the knowledge about the medicinal materials. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as "the study of the physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drugs, drug substances or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources." Since the beginning of the 20th century, "pharmacognosy" was used to define the branch of medicine sciences to deal with drugs in their crude, or unprepared, form. Till now, pharmacognosy becomes an interdisciplinary course, including botany, ethnobotany, marine biology, microbiology, herbal medicine, chemistry (phytochemistry), pharmacology and pharmacy practice. More importantly, during the period of time, many chemists and biochemists devoted themselves to the identification of principles of the medicinal materials, which were used to treat human diseases. These studies of chemicals derived from plants, micro-organisms, and even animals discover many new drug candidates derived from natural sources. More than one half of the drugs used in modern medicine are of botanical or natural origin. However, only about 10% of the plants and only 1% of the marine organisms have been properly studied. Therefore, natural products in pharmacognosy can enrich the drug therapy compendia with new safe and effective drugs.

       Books：Pharmacognosy and Pharmacobiotechnology by James E. Robbers, Marilyn K. Speedie, Varro E. Tyler, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publisher (January 1996)

      Handout：

Lecture 1 Introduction to Pharmacognosy 2024, 0227 upload	Lecture 2 Pharmaco-biotechnology 2010, 0310 renew	Lecture 3 Complex Polysaccharides 2024, 0227 renew
Lecture 4 Glycosides P1 Glycosides P2 Glycosides P3 2024, 0311 renew 2024, 0318 renew	Lecture 5 Lipids 2024, 0325 renew	Lecture 6 Terpenoids Resin 2024, 0415 renew 2024, 0515 renew
Lecture 7 Steroids 2024, 0515 renew	Lecture 8 Phenyl-propanoids 2024, 0601 renew	Lecture 9 Alkaloids PI Alkaloids PII 2020, 0425 renew
Lecture 10 Alkaloids PIII Alkaloids IV 2020, 0425 renew	Lecture 11 Antibiotics PI  2023, 0508 renew	Lecture 12 Antibiotics PII 2023, 0508 renew

Lecture 13 Antibiotics PIII 2023, 0508 renew	Lecture 14 Antibiotics PIV  2023, 0508 renew	Lecture 15 Antibiotics PV 2023, 0508 renew

Supporting Information

Spectroscopy:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonances

Mass

Mass is one of the sensitive tools in the modern chemical analysis. It is applied in the fields of food/drug safety, drug discovery and biological chemistry. Students in the fields of chemistry and life sciences should be have full knowloges about the development and application of Mass technology, which will help them to do a good job on the fields mentioned above.

      Books：Spectrometric identification of organic compounds by Robert M. Silverstein, Francis X. Webster (2005).

      Handout：

Biochemistry

      Books：Biochemistry,  Mathews, Christopher K./ Van Holde, K. E./ Appling, Dean R./ Anthony-cahill, Spencer J., Pearson Publisher(2012).

      Handout：

Introduction to Marine Resources

      Books：Discovery and Application of Functional Marine Molecules, 1st edition by R. X. Tan, (science express, Peijing, 2007).

      Handout：

Introduction to Marine Chemcial Biology (2011)

      Textbook: Essentials of Chemical Biology- Structure and Dynamics of Biological Macromolecules, by Andrew Miller, John Wiley & Sons Ltd (2008)

      Handout:

Marine Natural Products (2011)

      Textbook: Natural Product Chemistry, by Kurt B. G. Torssell, Swedish Pharmaceutical Press (1997)

      Handout: