「一國兩制」的新制度主義分析

——以香港為例

黃清賢

摘            要

    雖然近年來有許多關於中國大陸議題的新制度主義研究，但應用該途徑到「一國兩制」的研究並不多。本文擬創意性地在新制度主義架構下探究「一國兩制」。首先以包含統一成本與維持成本的交易成本觀點分析「一國兩制」制度，並用來觀察香港「一國兩制」的實施經驗。接著從中國大陸與特別行政區在「一國兩制」制度下的互動關係，研究相關的制度變遷之路徑依賴、權力影響、意識型態等議題。

關鍵詞  新制度主義  一國兩制  交易成本  制度變遷

Abstract

In recent years there are many researches on the mainland China issues in new institutionalism approach, but the approach is rarely applied to study “one country two systems”. This article will creatively explore “one country two systems” in the structure of new institutionalism. Firstly, the viewpoint of transaction costs which include the cost of unification and the cost of maintenance are used for analyzing the institution of “one country two systems” and observing the practical experience of “one country two systems” in Hong Kong. Secondly, the issues of path independence, influence on power and ideology about institutional change are researched from the interaction between mainland China and special administrative region in the institution of “one country two systems”.

Keywords: new institutionalism, one country two systems, transaction costs, institutional change