外籍勞工引進對台灣原住民工作權之影響

黃坤祥

摘            要

    近年來由於基層人力的缺乏與經濟不景氣，提高了企業的經營成本。因此，許多企業以引進外籍勞工來解決短期間基層勞力缺乏的情況。但因外勞引進的替代效果逐漸顯現，導致國內失業率持續攀高，此一情況對於勞動市場弱勢族群(如原住民)，造成極大衝擊。

憲法第十五條明示工作權乃國家應賦予保障人民之基本權利，憲法第一百五十二條規定：「人民具有工作能力者，國家應給予適當之工作機會」。受外籍勞工引進的排擠作用影響與受限於原住民內外各種因素如文化背景及教育水準不足，促進原住民失業的情況逐漸惡化。

本文發現引進外籍勞工的確對社會發展有許多的缺點，在基層工作者的工作內容、薪資、工時與工作表現各方面，企業主明顯偏愛外籍勞工。有鑑於我國憲法對人民工作權之保障，引進外籍勞工對於原住民工作權影響的問題值得吾人重視。

關鍵字  原住民勞工  外籍勞工  工作權

Abstract

Because lacking of basic level labors, enterprises increase their management cost recently. Most enterprises depend entering foreign labors to solve temporary lacking labors problem. But the substitution effect gradually appears and increases unemployment rate. This situation damages the weak peoples’ work right (ex: aboriginal labors).

In our Constitution 15 declares the work is people basic right and be protested by our country. 152 declares our country must offer suitable work opportunity to people who have work ability. The crowding out effect of  entering foreign labors and some limitations of aboriginal labors such as cultural background and education level both damage aboriginal labors’ employment situation.

This article finds the entering foreign labors have some disadvantages during social development. In their work situation, wage, work hours and work performance aspects, the employers apparently prefer foreign labors than aboriginal labors. Following our Constitution, government have to pretest our people work right, so the problem about the impact of entering foreign labors are worthy paying more attention.

Key word: aboriginal labor, foreign labor, works right