沒有孔子主義，只有馬基維利主義: 公元2000年總統及立法院選舉後的台灣行政立法關係分析

廖達琪

摘            要

    孔夫子與馬基維利對治理的兩套對立思維，在東、西歷史發展上，各有不同的遭遇，孔子主義或儒教一直是東亞區域的顯學，而西方國家卻很少正面頌揚馬基維利主義。但經常處於歷史陰暗角落的馬基維利主義是否就沒有其巨大的實務影響力呢？甚且在儒家文化氛圍內的政治人物，難道就不懂玩弄馬基維利式的權術嗎？

這篇論文即試著要解析甚至預測，一個仍被歸類於儒家文化區的台灣，歷經數次民主選舉，產生多元勢力競逐，尤其在經過公元2004年的總統大選，年底又即將面臨第六屆的立法委員選舉，最後所形塑出未來四年的行政立法關係，應只會看到馬基維利式的權謀計算，而不會有孔夫子式的溫良恭儉讓。

 關鍵字 孔子主義  馬基維利主義  行政立法關係  台灣立委選舉

Abstract

Confucius and Machiavelli’s opposing stance on ruling a nation has each encountered different experiences in the historical development of the East and the West. Confucianism has been the creed in the East Asian region, yet Western countries seldom positively exalt Machiavellianism. Even though Machiavellianism has often been discarded in history, does it not have its great and substantial influences? Do political figures from Confucian cultures not know how to utilize Machiavellian political tactics?

This paper aims to analyze and predict the political situation in Taiwan, a country categorized as being influenced by Confucian cultures. Taiwan has held numerous democratic elections in which powerful influences went competed head-on in the political process, especially the presidential election of 2004 and the sixth term legislative election. As a result, of this competition Taiwan’s executive-legislative relations that will form in the next four years, we will be based on Machiavellian political calculation and trickery, and not the Confucian tradition of moderation and respect.

Keywords: Confucianism, Executive and Legislative Relations, Legislative Elections, Machiavellianism, Taiwan