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兩岸國營事業改革人員權益變遷之比較

趙甦成

摘要

本文從行政法的角度，對兩岸公營事業變革中，員工的權益包括人員身份、僱傭關係、薪資與福利、勞動基準包括退休、撫卹、資遣，以及保險等面向，所產生的變遷進行比較，並檢視過渡時期，兩岸公營事業所採行的權宜措施，以及發展上的困境。

雖然兩岸在整頓公營事業上，所採行的手段不同，但無可諱言的，在兩岸公營事業變革的過程中，都對企業職工既有的權益，造成一定的變動和損害。為降低改革所產生的衝擊，兩岸公營事業在改革過渡期間，均採行了若干的權宜策略。兩岸由於體制不同，權益策略的運用與照顧面，亦各自迥異。總括而言，目前兩岸公營事業的變革，仍存在著不少制約因素及阻力，有待克服，俾利在真正落實改革的收益與保障員工權益間，取得合理的平衡點。

關鍵字行政法員工權益國企改革民營化

Abstract

From the perspective of administrative law, this article analyzes the changing rights and interests of employees under the reform of state-owned enterprises as initiated on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. The legitimate rights and interests of employees as discussed here mainly focus on matters relating to employee status, labour relations, labour remuneration, insurance, and welfare.

Due to the different economic systems in Taiwan and mainland China, the approaches that these two entities have taken to the reform of state-owned enterprises has varied. However, the legitimate rights and interests of employees on both sides have met with change, and have been infringed upon. Various measures have been introduced to compensate employees as well as to facilitate the reform. So far, there are still constraints and resistance for the reform that must be overcome to ensure that the gains of privatization reach both the employees as well as the enterprises.

Keywords: administrative law, legitimate rights and interests of employees, reform of state-owned enterprises, privatization.